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制作机器人“瓦力”(六)——“瓦力”的“眼睛”

Posted on:  December 28, 2009  |   Category: Wall-E
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六、“瓦力”的“眼睛”

 

       “瓦力”的眼睛是整个制作过程中最值得稍微炫耀一下的一个部件了,它由一个超声测距传感器、一个舵机、一个色标盘和一个灰度传感器组成,组装完成后酷似“机器人瓦力”的眼睛,我的机器人也因而得名。我目前只让它扫描120度的范围,等我将基于它目前扫描范围内的壁障行走程序完成之后再考虑对它进行改进。

       舵机、灰度检测器和超声测距我就不用多说了,超声测距与舵机的连接部分是我用当年四驱车上的龙头、刹车器等零件拼装成的,结果达到了意想不到的既好看又好用的效果。色标盘是我后来想到的用于限定“眼睛”扫描范围以及确定前方的方法,因为虽然舵机本身可以控制旋转的速度和角度,但在实际的连续转动中它会因为每一次旋转的误差累计而导致长时间扫描的过程中扫描范围出现极大的误差,而且仅使用舵机很难精确的确定相对于机器人的“前方”、“左方”和“右方”,因此我用一个半圆色标盘来标定它的“前方”和扫描范围,再辅以时间和角度的计算,理论上便可以确定前方障碍的方向了。现在我只编写了一个测试程序让它实时显示扫描过程中的测距数值,数值看起来还是比较精确的,至少用于壁障行走应该足够了,至于确定障碍方向以及真正完整壁障行走的程序,还需要等待一些时日才能写好,毕竟我的数学与编程能力还不是那么强。

 

色标盘:

color-panel-pic

dwg version: color-panel

灰度检测板:(原理同地面检测)

http://www.p4cpu.net/2009/12/28/diy-wall-e-four-grey-scale-sensor/

 

整个机构的外形:

wall-e-eye-01

wall-e-eye-02

wall-e-eye-03

wall-e-eye-04

wall-e-eye-05

wall-e-eye-07

wall-e-eye-08

wall-e-eye-09

wall-e-eye-10

 

To Be Contiued…

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